就拿上面一幅圖來說，比如我想找到節點10.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;
namespace TreeSearch
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Listint> list = new Listint>() { 50, 30, 70, 10, 40, 90, 80 };
//創建二叉遍歷樹
BSTree bsTree = CreateBST(list);
Console.Write("中序遍歷的原始數據：");
//中序遍歷
LDR_BST(bsTree);
Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------n");
//查找一個節點
Console.WriteLine("\n10在二叉樹中是否包含：" + SearchBST(bsTree, 10));
Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------n");
bool isExcute = false;
//插入一個節點
InsertBST(bsTree, 20, ref isExcute);
Console.WriteLine("\n20插入到二叉樹，中序遍歷后：");
//中序遍歷
LDR_BST(bsTree);
Console.WriteLine("\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------n");
Console.Write("刪除葉子節點 20， \n中序遍歷后：");
//刪除一個節點(葉子節點)
DeleteBST(ref bsTree, 20);
//再次中序遍歷
LDR_BST(bsTree);
Console.WriteLine("\n****************************************************************************\n");
Console.WriteLine("刪除單孩子節點 90， \n中序遍歷后：");
//刪除單孩子節點
DeleteBST(ref bsTree, 90);
//再次中序遍歷
LDR_BST(bsTree);
Console.WriteLine("\n****************************************************************************\n");
Console.WriteLine("刪除根節點 50， \n中序遍歷后：");
//刪除根節點
DeleteBST(ref bsTree, 50);
LDR_BST(bsTree);
}
///summary>
/// 定義一個二叉排序樹結構
////summary>
public class BSTree
{
public int data;
public BSTree left;
public BSTree right;
}
///summary>
/// 二叉排序樹的插入操作
////summary>
///param name="bsTree">排序樹/param>
///param name="key">插入數/param>
///param name="isExcute">是否執行了if語句/param>
static void InsertBST(BSTree bsTree, int key, ref bool isExcute)
{
if (bsTree == null)
return;
//如果父節點大于key，則遍歷左子樹
if (bsTree.data > key)
InsertBST(bsTree.left, key, ref isExcute);
else
InsertBST(bsTree.right, key, ref isExcute);
if (!isExcute)
{
//構建當前節點
BSTree current = new BSTree()
{
data = key,
left = null,
right = null
};
//插入到父節點的當前元素
if (bsTree.data > key)
bsTree.left = current;
else
bsTree.right = current;
isExcute = true;
}
}
///summary>
/// 創建二叉排序樹
////summary>
///param name="list">/param>
static BSTree CreateBST(Listint> list)
{
//構建BST中的根節點
BSTree bsTree = new BSTree()
{
data = list[0],
left = null,
right = null
};
for (int i = 1; i list.Count; i++)
{
bool isExcute = false;
InsertBST(bsTree, list[i], ref isExcute);
}
return bsTree;
}
///summary>
/// 在排序二叉樹中搜索指定節點
////summary>
///param name="bsTree">/param>
///param name="key">/param>
///returns>/returns>
static bool SearchBST(BSTree bsTree, int key)
{
//如果bsTree為空，說明已經遍歷到頭了
if (bsTree == null)
return false;
if (bsTree.data == key)
return true;
if (bsTree.data > key)
return SearchBST(bsTree.left, key);
else
return SearchBST(bsTree.right, key);
}
///summary>
/// 中序遍歷二叉排序樹
////summary>
///param name="bsTree">/param>
///returns>/returns>
static void LDR_BST(BSTree bsTree)
{
if (bsTree != null)
{
//遍歷左子樹
LDR_BST(bsTree.left);
//輸入節點數據
Console.Write(bsTree.data + "");
//遍歷右子樹
LDR_BST(bsTree.right);
}
}
///summary>
/// 刪除二叉排序樹中指定key節點
////summary>
///param name="bsTree">/param>
///param name="key">/param>
static void DeleteBST(ref BSTree bsTree, int key)
{
if (bsTree == null)
return;
if (bsTree.data == key)
{
//第一種情況：葉子節點
if (bsTree.left == null bsTree.right == null)
{
bsTree = null;
return;
}
//第二種情況：左子樹不為空
if (bsTree.left != null bsTree.right == null)
{
bsTree = bsTree.left;
return;
}
//第三種情況，右子樹不為空
if (bsTree.left == null bsTree.right != null)
{
bsTree = bsTree.right;
return;
}
//第四種情況，左右子樹都不為空
if (bsTree.left != null bsTree.right != null)
{
var node = bsTree.right;
//找到右子樹中的最左節點
while (node.left != null)
{
//遍歷它的左子樹
node = node.left;
}
//交換左右孩子
node.left = bsTree.left;
//判斷是真正的葉子節點還是空左孩子的父節點
if (node.right == null)
{
//刪除掉右子樹最左節點
DeleteBST(ref bsTree, node.data);
node.right = bsTree.right;
}
//重新賦值一下
bsTree = node;
}
}
if (bsTree.data > key)
{
DeleteBST(ref bsTree.left, key);
}
else
{
DeleteBST(ref bsTree.right, key);
}
}
}
}
